Table of Contents

1. Background to the Problem

1.1 The Research Problem

1.2 The Hypotheses

1.3 Objectives of the Study

1.4 Significance of the Study

2. Review of Related Literature

2.1 Population and Natural Resource

2.2 Land Degradation and Conservation Initiatives in Kondoa District

2.3 Population Growth and Settlement Patterns

3. Linkages Between Population, Environment and Development

3.1 The IPAT Model

3.2 The PDE Model

4.1 Gubali Area

4.2 Choka Area

4.3 Kidongo Cheusi Area

4.4 Mondo Area

5. Research methods

5.1 Sampling Procedures

5.2 Data Collection Procedures

5.3 Data Analysis

6. Presentation and discussion of research findings

6.1 The Resettlement Process in the Protected Areas

6.2 Demographic Characteristics

6.3. Migration Patterns

6.4. Reasons for Coming Back

6.5. Socio-economic Characteristics and Their Implications to the Environment

6.6. Access and Ownership of Land

6.7 Assessment of socio-economic development

7. Impacts of Reversed Migration on the Environment

7.1 Environmental Conservation Activities in the New Settlements

7.2 Reversed Migration and Environmental Conservation

7.3 Reversed Migration and Resource Exploitation

8. Summary and Conclusion

8.1 Summary

8.2 Lessons for Future Conservation.

8.3 Conclusion

8.4 Policy Recommendations

References