1) Considering the role that organisations play in the economic development of any nation there is need to rethink much more carefully the effect of any macro objectives on organisations. With regards to SAPSs we have noted evidence that organisations may be adversely affected and urged that prolonged organisational stress could cripple them beyond repair. It is suggested that an organisational rescue programme similar to PAPSCA1 be put in place. This will relieve organisations and make it possible for them to deliver the ultimate objectives of the restructuring and revamping of the economy.
2) The second implication comes from finding that distributive justice is positively related to the ratings that supervisors give to their employees on discretionery cooperation. Some of the gaps in distribution are so obviously unjust that the prevalent labour behaviours of absenteeism, malfeasance, free riding and even embezzlement could be considered as direct responses to perceived and experienced injustice. It is such obvious distributive injustice that makes a PAPSCA-like organisational rescue plan even more urgent. This is essential for there is a limit at which any organisation including the government can get services on the cheap and the individual can be asked to make sacrifices.
3) To deal with the above, the government must (a) reconsider its wage policy of subsidizing the minimum wage while exposing the maximum wage to market forces,and (b) consider public expenditure as complimentary to private expenditure particulary since most of the institutions and the environment required to support market forces are not in place in Uganda (Brett, 1992) nor are they likely to be, in the foreseeable future.
4) The problem that the government is likely to face while attempting to remedy the position of the highest grades is political rather then economic since there is evidence that improvement to the real pay packets would add relatively little to the total pay bill (Robinson, 1991). The real problem is one of dealing with the repercussions elsewhere in the labour market. This is a tough political problem that has to be faced because of equity, productivity, and humanitarian considerations.
5) On humanitarian grounds we have only to recognise that it is at the level of the household that the fierce struggle for survival is centred in Uganda and elsewhere in the Third World (Beneria, 1991). The skilled and the educated must also be assisted in this struggle. The equity problem is highlighted by the fact that the professional demands of a professor at Makerere, the National University, and a consultant surgeon at Mulago teaching hospital leave very little time for supplementary income activities compared to a group employee in one of the public enterprises whose take-home pay compares very favourably with that of the highest paid medical doctor or professor.
6) On purely productivity grounds, SAPs have inadvertently brought about a situation where especially favourable terms have to be given to certain public service employees in order to maintain functional levels of morale, motivation, and efficiency. This, as we have seen, is because the supply of commitment and discretionary cooperation has been directly affected by the contractionary impact of the programmes. It may also have been equally affected by the severely reduced capacity of the Departments as a result of the reallocation process. Here it is important to emphasise that a competent public service is as crucial as the building of economic infrastructure (Robinson, 1991).
