ANNEXES

Annex 1a: Livestock price and price volatility from July 1997 to March 1999 in Negelle Borana, Dubluk and Moyale Kenya (in Birr)

Month	M-Steers	M-bull	M-msheep	M-mgoat	M-fgoat	N-steers	N-bull	N-msheep	N-mgoat	N-fgoat	D-steers	D-bull	D-msheep	D-mgoat	D-fgoat
Jul-97	437	1060	89	105	97	320	793	97	71	72	385	707	66	99	96
Aug-97	445	1060	99	116	99	320	475	83	81	77	446	927	70	95	75
Sep-97	413	1014	104	118	99	293	711	73	73	77	288	806	64	89	74
Oct-97	417	1021	85	95	84	239	746	91	64	66	440	795	62	93	78
Nov-97	413	1000	100	123	98	246	789	78	54	62	415	797	67	108	88
Dec-97	405	895	91	108	87	256	838	76	56	66	477	861	62	88	87
Jan-98	417	987	102	120	105	290.8	897.1	85	64	71	422	821	74	89	75
Feb-98	476	1113	113	153	119	278.5	871.9	78	62	73	467	861	68	90	75
Mar-98	560	1096	126	155	128	269.8	877.8	92	61	73	477	853	67	92	79
Apr-98	570	1167	138	157	135	258.6	937	70.8	62.1	70.6	522	969	69	99	78
May-98	555	1183	142	182	157	290.4	907.7	82	74	75	543	999	68	92	79
Jun-98	530	609	130	151	126	273.1	897.9	84	66	72	513	981	69	93	84
Jul-98	565	1143	135	158	139	288.4	921.5	96	74	84	477	1065	71	91	83
Aug-98	567	1127	129	158	132	310	979	93	69	75	490	1052	67	91	81
Sep-98	591	1179	133	158	129	301	1017	89	80	79	532	1120	65	91	84
Oct-98	618	1154	130	156	130	367	1075	99	84	79	578	1054	61	85	78
Nov-98	556	1136	133	139	126	301	957	112	69	72	699	1045	70	97	85
Dec-98	555	1121	125	138	119	268	1005	94	52	63	628	934	67	96	79
Jan-99	574	1122	129	146	127	285	920	80	57	66	704	1032	59	84	66
Feb-99	516	1100	117	134	112	349	964	83	52	58	775	1071	54	83	56
Mar-99	591	1164	114	137	119	220	969	86	61	65	772	1101	56	89	65
STDEV	72.64	128.89	17.59	22.20	18.58	35.05	130.21	9.85	9.41	6.47	127.12	120.35	5.01	5.70	8.66
Mean	512.90	1069.10	117.33	138.43	117.48	286.89	883.28	86.75	66.00	71.22	526.19	945.29	65.52	92.10	78.33
CV	0.14	0.12	0.15	0.16	0.16	0.12	0.15	0.11	0.14	0.09	0.24	0.13	0.08	0.06	0.11

Note: M-= Moyale (Kenya), N-= Negelle, and D-= Dubluk, Steer = uncastrated male 2-3 years of age and 200-225 Kg live weight Bull = bullock (castrated steer of 6-8 years of age and live weight of 400-500Kg), msheep = male sheep, mgoat = male goat, and fgoat = female goat

Annex 1b: Monthly Price Data for some Selected Grain and animal Products at Moyale Kenya Market

Month/year	Maize Local	Maize Non-local	Wheat-Non Local	Fresh Cow Milk	Sour Cow Milk	Fresh Camel Milk	Sour Camel Milk
Jul-97	1.15	1.15	2.53	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Aug-97	1.00	1.00	2.40	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Sep-97	1.00	1.00	2.00	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Oct-97	1.00	1.00	2.00	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Nov-97	1.00	1.00	2.00	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Dec-97	1.21	1.21	2.00	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Jan-98	1.00	1.00	2.00	1.00	2.00	0.80	0.60
Feb-98	1.00	1.00	2.00	1.16	2.16	0.93	0.85
Mar-98	0.75	0.75	2.00	1.25	2.00	0.86	0.75
Apr-98	0.90	n/a	2.00	0.80	1.15	0.55	0.50
May-98	0.75	n/a	2.25	0.75	1.25	0.60	0.50
Jun-98	1.05	n/a	1.75	0.75	1.30	0.60	0.50
Jul-98	0.69	n/a	2.00	0.75	1.46	0.60	0.50
Aug-98	0.60	n/a	2.00	0.75	1.43	0.69	0.65
Sep-98	0.63	0.63	2.00	0.81	1.65	0.81	0.75
Oct-98	0.90	n/a	2.00	1.00	2.00	0.95	0.75
Nov-98	1.09	n/a	2.00	1.00	2.00	0.90	0.75
Dec-98	1.15	n/a	2.00	1.00	1.63	0.98	0.90
Jan-99	1.38	1.13	2.00	1.11	1.94	1.03	0.94
Feb-99	1.31	1.31	2.00	1.00	2.00	0.94	0.75
Mar-99	2.60	1.00	2.40	0.70	1.45	0.56	0.50
Apr-99	n/a	1.50	2.50	0.75	1.25	0.50	0.29
May-99	n/a	1.56	2.63	0.74	1.44	0.45	0.40
Jun-99	n/a	1.67	2.67	0.75	1.50	0.50	0.40
Mean	1.06	1.12	2.13	0.89	1.65	0.74	0.63
Stdev	0.41	0.28	0.25	0.17	0.33	0.19	0.19
CV	0.39	0.25	0.12	0.19	0.20	0.26	0.30

Annex 1c: Monthly Price Data for some Selected Grain and animal Products at Negelle Borana Market

Month/ Year	Maize Local	Maize Non-local	Sorghum	Wheat-Local	Wheat-Non-Local	Fresh Cow Milk	Sour Cow Milk	Fresh Camel Milk	Sour Camel Milk	Gee Butter Large Cup	Gee Butter Small Cup
Jul-97	1.40	n/a	1.60	1.58	1.42	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Aug-97	1.38	n/a	1.70	1.50	1.32	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Sep-97	1.39	n/a	1.62	1.55	1.11	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Oct-97	1.18	n/a	1.52	1.64	1.43	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Nov-97	1.18	n/a	1.57	1.87	1.68	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Dec-97	1.14	n/a	1.60	2.08	1.90	0.60	3.13	0.60	0.45	6.13	4.94
Jan-98	1.09	n/a	1.58	2.20	2.10	0.63	2.00	0.72	0.49	6.25	2.00
Feb-98	1.15	n/a	1.33	2.34	1.35	0.84	2.00	0.75	0.50	6.13	1.94
Mar-98	1.14	n/a	1.46	n/a	n/a	0.75	1.50	0.75	0.50	5.72	2.00
Apr-98	1.17	1.10	n/a	2.53	2.13	0.94	1.31	0.66	0.50	5.25	1.94
May-98	1.15	1.14	1.72	2.59	2.00	0.61	1.75	0.57	0.46	5.00	1.55
Jun-98	1.15	n/a	1.58	2.88	n/a	0.60	1.88	0.50	0.50	5.00	1.50
Jul-98	1.15	n/a	1.88	3.00	2.00	0.71	2.00	0.50	0.45	4.88	1.50
Aug-98	1.12	1.00	1.72	2.30	n/a	0.75	1.83	0.64	0.48	5.42	2.00
Sep-98	1.18	n/a	1.71	1.75	n/a	1.00	2.00	0.75	0.55	6.25	2.63
Oct-98	1.44	n/a	1.74	1.95	n/a	0.95	2.00	0.74	0.60	7.00	2.50
Nov-98	1.33	n/a	2.00	1.93	n/a	0.63	2.00	0.56	0.53	5.25	2.00
Dec-98	1.28	n/a	n/a	2.05	n/a	0.65	2.00	0.60	0.50	5.25	2.00
Jan-99	1.20	n/a	n/a	2.20	n/a	0.80	2.00	0.79	0.50	n/a	2.40
Feb-99	1.36	n/a	1.80	2.09	n/a	1.00	2.00	0.75	0.56	n/a	2.50
Mar-99	n/a	1.50	n/a	2.81	2.40	1.06	2.00	0.68	0.53	n/a	n/a
Apr-99	1.50	1.46	2.10	2.20	2.50	0.55	1.13	0.40	0.40	n/a	2.25
May-99	n/a	1.48	2.11	2.25	2.53	0.50	1.24	0.40	0.40	n/a	1.85
Jun-99	n/a	1.90	2.10	n/a	2.38	1.84	1.94	0.40	0.36	n/a	2.17
Mean	1.24	1.37	1.72	2.15	1.88	0.81	1.88	0.62	0.49	5.66	2.20
Stdev	0.12	0.31	0.22	0.43	0.47	0.30	0.42	0.13	0.06	0.64	0.76
CV	0.10	0.23	0.13	0.20	0.25	0.37	0.22	0.21	0.12	0.11	0.34

Annex 1d: Monthly Price Data for some Selected Grain and animal Products at Dubluk Market

Month/year	Maize non-local	Wheat-Non local	Fresh Cow Milk	Sour Cow Milk	Gee Butter Large Cup	Gee Butter Small Cup
Jul-97	1.18		0.83	1.25	n/a	3.17
Aug-97	1.02		0.82	1.25	n/a	3.20
Sep-97	0.87		0.75	1.25	n/a	3.00
Oct-97	0.86		0.81	1.25	n/a	3.63
Nov-97	0.83		0.75	1.25	n/a	3.00
Dec-97	0.96		0.50	1.06	n/a	2.56
Jan-98	n/a	1.67	0.50	1.00	5.00	2.60
Feb-98	n/a	1.23	0.58	1.13	5.25	2.63
Mar-98	0.89	1.45	0.60	1.25	6.50	3.25
Apr-98	0.84	1.45	0.60	1.25	6.50	3.25
May-98	0.79	1.54	0.55	1.25	6.25	3.13
Jun-98	0.84	1.54	0.55	1.25	5.88	2.94
Jul-98	0.84	1.70	0.55	1.25	6.50	3.25
Aug-98	0.86	2.05	0.64	1.25	6.00	2.90
Sep-98	0.85	1.93	0.75	1.25	6.50	3.25
Oct-98	0.90	2.06	0.65	1.25	5.75	2.88
Nov-98	1.05	2.13	0.60	1.25	5.50	2.69
Dec-98	0.96	2.19	0.70	1.25	7.50	3.75
Jan-99	0.93	2.06	0.75	1.25	n/a	3.40
Feb-99	1.14	2.03	0.88	1.75	n/a	3.00
Mar-99	1.29	2.00	0.69	1.38	n/a	3.13
Apr-99	1.23	2.43	0.50	1.21	n/a	2.92
May-99	1.51	2.46	0.50	1.05	n/a	2.20
Jun-99	1.50	1.83	0.70	1.25	n/a	2.50
Mean	1.01	1.88	0.66	1.24	6.09	3.01
Stdev	0.21	0.35	0.12	0.14	0.68	0.36
CV	0.21	0.18	0.18	0.11	0.11	0.12

SOURCE: For Annex-1a, 1b, 1c and 1d: GTZ/ BLPDP (unpublished), Negelle, Ethiopia.

Note: For Annex 1b, Annex 1c and Annex 1d, prices for all grain types are per kilogram; prices for milk and butter are per cup; and there are large and small cups for butter. CV is coefficient of variation.

Annex 2: Registered hides and skins sales from Gedeo zone, 1993-1998

Year	Cattle	Sheep	Goats
1993	114194	100870	43000
1994	89777	139880	50470
1995	84319	170778	57884
1996	74731	168754	33534
1997	79412	163344	47456
1998	78007	132076	38958

SOURCE: Department of Agriculture, Gedeo Zone, 1999.

Annex 3: Livestock Confiscated by Ethiopian Customs Authority Border

Patrols at Moyale-Ethiopia

Year	Cattle	Sheep and goats
1995	120	-
1996	70	-
1997	147	105
1998	42	-

SOURCE: Ethiopian Customs Authority records, 1999. In 1998, in Dollo Ado,

20 sheep and goats were confiscated from traders

Annex 4: Cattle Trekking Fee by Market Origin and Destination in Southern and Southeastern Ethiopia Borderlands (in Birr)

Export Livestock Routes	Fee/cattle	Distance in km	Fee/cattle/km	Average days taken
Arbore-Moyale	18.33	170.00	0.11	6.83
Bare-Mandera	13.50	90.00	0.15	4.75
Chilako- Thakaba	5.00	50.00	0.10	2.50
Chilako-Moyale	20.00	150.00	0.13	6.00
Chiratte-Mandera	25.50	225.00	0.11	9.00
Didhara-Moyale	13.16	230.00	0.06	5.33
Diksis-Nazareth	7.00	105.00	0.07	2.50
Dollo Ado-Mandera	7.66	40.00	0.19	1.86
Dubluk-Moyale	8.56	135.00	0.06	4.57
Elwaya-Moyale	12.50	240.00	0.05	8.87
Filtu-Mandera	60.00	225.00	0.27	14.00
Filtu-Ramu	30.00	90.00	0.33	7.00
Finchawa-Moyale	18.00	270.00	0.07	7.50
Galgalo-Thakaba	5.50	60.00	0.09	2.50
Harakallo-Negelle	2.50	30.00	0.08	2.00
Hargele-Mandera	30.00	270.00	0.11	9.00
Harobake-Moyale	10.80	230.00	0.05	7.73
Hidilola- Moyale	7.20	63.00	0.11	3.00
Kedaduma-Thakaba	5.00	N/A		2.00
Konso-Dubluk	12.00	160.00	0.08	5.00
Matagafarsa-Moyale	8.60	200.00	0.04	4.90
Mega-Moyale	5.69	100.00	0.06	3.84
Moyale-Isiollo	24.00	500.00	0.05	30.00
Negelle- Moyale	16.66	275.00	0.06	10.23
Negelle-Mandera	4.00	225.00	0.02	18.00
Obulo-Dubluk	4.00	122.00	0.03	4.00
Obulo-Moyale	17.00	228.00	0.07	5.25
Seddei-Ramu	1.00	3.00	0.33	0.20
Teltelle-Arbore	5.00	90.00	0.06	5.00
Teltelle-Dubluk	13.00	160.00	0.08	6.33
Teltelle-Moyale	18.00	300.00	0.06	10.00
Teltelle-Omorate	30.00	175.00	0.17	7.00
Tumticha-Wonago	2.00	15.00	0.13	1.00
Tumticha-Yirga Cheffe	2.00	45.00	0.04	1.00
Turmi-Teltelle	1.00	245.00	0.00	7.00
Wadlahube-Mandera	4.00	47.00	0.09	2.00
Yabello-Moyale	1.70	200.00	0.01	4.00
Average	12.7	-	0.10	6.26

Domestic Livestock Routes

Fee/cattle

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